COOPERATION OF THE POLICE AND PRIVATE SECURITY ON CRIME PREVENTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA – CURRENT STATE AND POSSIBILITIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35120/sciencej0401217rKeywords:
crime prevention, police, private security, police and private security cooperation, public-private partnershipAbstract
Crime prevention is focused on preventing the manifestation of certain forms of crime that endanger human rights and freedoms. Modern approaches to crime prevention are increasingly moving toward expanding the circle of entities (actors) responsible for preventing various forms of criminal behavior. In addition to state security bodies, the private security sector is playing an increasingly significant role in this regard. Due to the growing number of forms of crime and the limited capacity of the police to effectively counter them, the police, as the traditional state body responsible for crime prevention, are no longer able to perform this function independently. This has, among other things, led to the need for and emergence of private security as an additional form of protecting citizens and their property, as well as "filling the gap" in terms of the optimal state of security that the police could not fully achieve. One of the basic functions of private security is precisely prevention (of both crime and other forms of endangerment). Since the goals and functions of the police and private security are nearly identical, the need for mutual cooperation emerges as a logical outcome. The increasing presence of private security in practice, as well as the legal regulation of private security through the Law on Private Security in the Republic of Serbia, creates the need to adapt to new circumstances, primarily in terms of legal, organizational, and functional changes within the police, which ultimately should lead to the establishment of a public-private partnership. As one of the fundamental principles of the police and private security is legality, it is necessary to legally regulate the issue of cooperation. Therefore, in this paper, we will critically analyze theoretical approaches regarding the forms and areas of cooperation between the police and private security in the Republic of Serbia aimed at crime prevention. We will observe this through the lens of relevant positive legal sources (Law on Police 2016, Law on Private Security 2013 and accompanying bylaws) that regulate their work. Our goal is to describe, classify, and partially explain the various forms and areas of their cooperation, to identify certain challenges that hinder cooperation, and propose solutions to overcome these challenges. All of this should lead to the practical use of the capacities of both sectors in the best possible way when it comes to crime prevention.
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